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What is Rizatriptan?

Rizatriptan is a prescription medicine used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches. It is in a class of medications called triptans. It works by narrowing blood vessels in the brain. This helps to relieve headache pain and other symptoms of migraines, such as nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Rizatriptan is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

Uses of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches with or without aura in adults and children 6 years of age and older. A migraine is a severe headache that can cause throbbing pain, nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. An aura is a warning sign that a migraine is about to start. It can cause visual disturbances, such as seeing flashing lights or zigzag lines.

Rizatriptan is effective in relieving migraine pain and other symptoms. It works best when taken at the first sign of a migraine attack. Rizatriptan can also be used to prevent migraines from happening in some people.

Rizatriptan is not for everyone. It should not be used by people who have certain medical conditions, such as heart disease, uncontrolled high blood pressure, or a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Rizatriptan should also not be used by people who are taking certain medications, such as ergotamines or MAO inhibitors.

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have any other medical conditions, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking rizatriptan.

Rizatriptan is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

The usual dose of rizatriptan is 5 mg or 10 mg, taken at the first sign of a migraine attack. The dose may be repeated every 2 hours as needed, up to a maximum of 30 mg per day.

If you have a migraine with aura, you should take rizatriptan as soon as possible after the aura starts. The sooner you take it, the more effective it will be.

Rizatriptan can cause side effects, such as dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and weakness. These side effects are usually mild and go away within a few hours.

If you experience any serious side effects from rizatriptan, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or weakness on one side of your body, seek medical attention immediately.

Dosage of Rizatriptan

The recommended starting dose of rizatriptan for adults is 5 mg or 10 mg, taken at the first sign of a migraine attack. The dose may be repeated every 2 hours as needed, up to a maximum of 30 mg per day.

For children 6 to 17 years of age, the recommended starting dose of rizatriptan is 5 mg, taken at the first sign of a migraine attack. The dose may be repeated every 2 hours as needed, up to a maximum of 20 mg per day.

If you have a migraine with aura, you should take rizatriptan as soon as possible after the aura starts. The sooner you take it, the more effective it will be.

Rizatriptan is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

If you are taking the tablet form of rizatriptan, it is important to swallow it whole with water. Do not crush, chew, or dissolve the tablet.

If you are taking the orally disintegrating tablet form of rizatriptan, it is important to place the tablet in your mouth and allow it to dissolve completely. Do not swallow the tablet whole.

Rizatriptan can be taken with or without food.

If you have any questions about how to take rizatriptan, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Important Safety Information

Rizatriptan should not be used by people who have certain medical conditions, such as heart disease, uncontrolled high blood pressure, or a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Rizatriptan should also not be used by people who are taking certain medications, such as ergotamines or MAO inhibitors.

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have any other medical conditions, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking rizatriptan.

Rizatriptan can cause side effects, such as dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and weakness. These side effects are usually mild and go away within a few hours.

If you experience any serious side effects from rizatriptan, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or weakness on one side of your body, seek medical attention immediately.

Side Effects of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan can cause side effects, such as⁚

Dizziness

Drowsiness

Nausea

Vomiting

Weakness

Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet

Flushing

Headache

Dry mouth

Diarrhea

Constipation

Muscle pain

Joint pain

Back pain

Neck pain

Pain in the arms or legs

Increased sweating

Chills

Fatigue

These side effects are usually mild and go away within a few hours.

If you experience any serious side effects from rizatriptan, such as⁚

Chest pain

Shortness of breath

Weakness on one side of your body

Trouble speaking or understanding speech

Vision problems

Seizures

Seek medical attention immediately.

Rizatriptan may also cause a rare but serious condition called serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome can occur when you take too much rizatriptan or when you take it with other medications that increase serotonin levels, such as antidepressants or MAO inhibitors.

Symptoms of serotonin syndrome include⁚

Agitation

Restlessness

Confusion

Hallucinations

Seizures

Coma

If you experience any symptoms of serotonin syndrome, seek medical attention immediately.

If you are concerned about any side effects from rizatriptan, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Precautions of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan should be used with caution in people who have⁚

Heart disease

Uncontrolled high blood pressure

A history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Liver disease

Kidney disease

A history of seizures

A history of serotonin syndrome

Rizatriptan should not be used by people who are taking certain medications, such as⁚

Ergotamines

MAO inhibitors

Rizatriptan should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Rizatriptan should be used with caution in women who are breastfeeding.

Rizatriptan may cause dizziness or drowsiness. Do not drive or operate machinery until you know how rizatriptan affects you.

Rizatriptan can interact with other medications. Be sure to tell your doctor about all of the medications you are taking, including prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements.

If you have any questions about the precautions of rizatriptan, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Drug Interactions of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan can interact with other medications, including⁚

Ergotamines

MAO inhibitors

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

Tricyclic antidepressants

Lithium

Warfarin

Aspirin

Ibuprofen

Acetaminophen

These interactions can increase the risk of side effects, such as serotonin syndrome.

Rizatriptan should not be taken with ergotamines or MAO inhibitors.

Rizatriptan should be used with caution when taken with SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, or lithium;

If you are taking any of these medications, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking rizatriptan.

Rizatriptan may also interact with herbal supplements, such as St. John's wort.

If you are taking any herbal supplements, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking rizatriptan.

If you have any questions about the drug interactions of rizatriptan, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Overdose of Rizatriptan

An overdose of rizatriptan can cause serious side effects, such as⁚

Seizures

Stroke

Heart attack

Death

If you think someone has overdosed on rizatriptan, call 911 immediately.

Symptoms of an overdose of rizatriptan can include⁚

Agitation

Restlessness

Confusion

Hallucinations

Seizures

Coma

Nausea

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Dizziness

Drowsiness

Weakness

Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet

Flushing

Headache

Dry mouth

Muscle pain

Joint pain

Back pain

Neck pain

Pain in the arms or legs

Increased sweating

Chills

Fatigue

Chest pain

Shortness of breath

Weakness on one side of the body

Trouble speaking or understanding speech

Vision problems

Treatment for an overdose of rizatriptan may include⁚

Activated charcoal

Intravenous fluids

Medications to control seizures

Medications to lower blood pressure

If you have any questions about the overdose of rizatriptan, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Contraindications of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is contraindicated in people who have⁚

Uncontrolled hypertension

Severe coronary artery disease

Ischemic heart disease

Prinzmetal's angina

Recent myocardial infarction

Recent stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Peripheral vascular disease

Severe hepatic impairment

Severe renal impairment

A history of serotonin syndrome

Rizatriptan is also contraindicated in people who are taking certain medications, such as⁚

Ergotamines

MAO inhibitors

If you have any of these conditions or are taking any of these medications, do not take rizatriptan.

Rizatriptan should be used with caution in people who have⁚

Mild to moderate hypertension

Controlled coronary artery disease

Risk factors for coronary artery disease, such as smoking, high cholesterol, or diabetes

A history of seizures

A history of migraine-related stroke or TIA

Mild to moderate hepatic impairment

Mild to moderate renal impairment

If you have any of these conditions, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking rizatriptan.

If you have any questions about the contraindications of rizatriptan, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Pregnancy and Rizatriptan

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies on the use of rizatriptan in pregnant women. Animal studies have shown that rizatriptan can cause fetal harm when given in high doses.

Rizatriptan should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking rizatriptan.

Rizatriptan may be excreted in breast milk. It is not known whether rizatriptan can harm a nursing baby.

Rizatriptan should be used with caution in women who are breastfeeding.

If you are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking rizatriptan.

If you have any questions about the use of rizatriptan during pregnancy or breastfeeding, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Lactation and Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan may be excreted in breast milk. It is not known whether rizatriptan can harm a nursing baby.

Rizatriptan should be used with caution in women who are breastfeeding.

If you are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking rizatriptan.

Your doctor may recommend that you stop breastfeeding for a short time after taking rizatriptan;

If you have any questions about the use of rizatriptan during breastfeeding, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist;

Here are some tips for breastfeeding mothers who are taking rizatriptan⁚

Tell your doctor that you are breastfeeding.

Take rizatriptan only when it is absolutely necessary.

Take the lowest dose of rizatriptan that is effective.

Avoid taking rizatriptan for more than a few days at a time.

Monitor your baby for any side effects from rizatriptan, such as drowsiness, irritability, or difficulty feeding.

If you have any concerns about the use of rizatriptan while breastfeeding, be sure to talk to your doctor.

Pediatric Use of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is not approved for use in children under 6 years of age.

In children 6 to 17 years of age, the recommended starting dose of rizatriptan is 5 mg, taken at the first sign of a migraine attack. The dose may be repeated every 2 hours as needed, up to a maximum of 20 mg per day.

Rizatriptan should be used with caution in children who have⁚

Heart disease

Uncontrolled high blood pressure

A history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Liver disease

Kidney disease

A history of seizures

A history of serotonin syndrome

Rizatriptan should not be used in children who are taking certain medications, such as⁚

Ergotamines

MAO inhibitors

If your child has any of these conditions or is taking any of these medications, do not give them rizatriptan.

If you have any questions about the use of rizatriptan in children, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Geriatric Use of Rizatriptan

Clinical studies of rizatriptan did not include a sufficient number of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients.

Rizatriptan is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.

In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

Administration of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan can be taken with or without food;

If you are taking the tablet form of rizatriptan, swallow it whole with water. Do not crush, chew, or dissolve the tablet.

If you are taking the orally disintegrating tablet form of rizatriptan, place the tablet in your mouth and allow it to dissolve completely. Do not swallow the tablet whole.

If you have a migraine with aura, you should take rizatriptan as soon as possible after the aura starts. The sooner you take it, the more effective it will be;

If you have any questions about how to take rizatriptan, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Mechanism of Action of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is a selective serotonin (5-HT1B/1D) receptor agonist. It works by binding to these receptors in the brain and blood vessels, causing them to narrow. This narrowing of blood vessels reduces blood flow to the head, which can help to relieve migraine pain.

Rizatriptan is thought to work by inhibiting the release of certain neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). These neurotransmitters are involved in the transmission of pain signals in the brain. By inhibiting their release, rizatriptan can help to reduce migraine pain.

Rizatriptan is effective in treating both migraines with and without aura. It is most effective when taken at the first sign of a migraine attack.

Rizatriptan is not a cure for migraines, but it can help to relieve the pain and other symptoms of migraines.

Pharmacokinetics of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1-2 hours. The absolute bioavailability of rizatriptan is approximately 40%.

Rizatriptan is extensively distributed throughout the body, with a volume of distribution of approximately 140 liters. It is highly bound to plasma proteins (approximately 96%).

Rizatriptan is metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes, primarily CYP1A2 and CYP2D6. The major metabolites of rizatriptan are inactive.

Rizatriptan is excreted primarily in the urine, with approximately 60% of the dose excreted unchanged. The elimination half-life of rizatriptan is approximately 2-3 hours.

The pharmacokinetics of rizatriptan are not significantly altered in elderly patients or in patients with renal or hepatic impairment.

Rizatriptan is a substrate for P-glycoprotein, a drug efflux pump that is expressed in the blood-brain barrier. This means that P-glycoprotein can limit the entry of rizatriptan into the brain.

The clinical significance of this interaction is not known. However, it is possible that drugs that inhibit P-glycoprotein, such as ketoconazole and erythromycin, could increase the brain exposure of rizatriptan and its efficacy.

Metabolism of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes, primarily CYP1A2 and CYP2D6. The major metabolites of rizatriptan are inactive.

The metabolism of rizatriptan is inhibited by ketoconazole, a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4. This interaction could lead to increased plasma concentrations of rizatriptan and an increased risk of side effects.

Conversely, the metabolism of rizatriptan is induced by rifampin, a potent inducer of CYP3A4. This interaction could lead to decreased plasma concentrations of rizatriptan and a decreased efficacy.

The clinical significance of these interactions is not known. However, it is possible that drugs that inhibit or induce CYP3A4 could alter the efficacy and safety of rizatriptan.

If you are taking rizatriptan, it is important to tell your doctor about all of the medications you are taking, including prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements. This will help your doctor to determine if any of your medications could interact with rizatriptan.

Excretion of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is excreted primarily in the urine, with approximately 60% of the dose excreted unchanged. The remainder of the dose is excreted in the feces as metabolites.

The elimination half-life of rizatriptan is approximately 2-3 hours.

The excretion of rizatriptan is not significantly altered in elderly patients or in patients with renal or hepatic impairment.

Rizatriptan is a substrate for P-glycoprotein, a drug efflux pump that is expressed in the kidneys. This means that P-glycoprotein can limit the excretion of rizatriptan into the urine.

Conversely, drugs that induce P-glycoprotein, such as rifampin, could decrease the plasma concentrations of rizatriptan and its efficacy.

Stability of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is a stable compound. It is not affected by light, heat, or moisture.

Rizatriptan tablets should be stored at room temperature (25°C/77°F). Rizatriptan orally disintegrating tablets should be stored in the original foil blister until ready to use.

Do not store rizatriptan in the bathroom or other areas where it could be exposed to moisture.

Discard any unused rizatriptan tablets or orally disintegrating tablets after the expiration date.

If you have any questions about the storage of rizatriptan, be sure to talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Brand Names of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan is available under the following brand names⁚

Maxalt

Maxalt-MLT

Rizaport

Rizatriptan is also available as a generic medication. Generic medications are exact copies of brand-name medications. They contain the same active ingredients and work in the same way. Generic medications are usually less expensive than brand-name medications.

If you are taking rizatriptan, be sure to tell your doctor about all of the medications you are taking, including prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements. This will help your doctor to determine if any of your medications could interact with rizatriptan.

Generic Names of Rizatriptan

The generic name of rizatriptan is rizatriptan benzoate.

A generic name is the official name for a drug. It is usually shorter and easier to pronounce than the brand name. Generic names are used on drug labels and in medical records.

Brand names are trademarks that are owned by the companies that make the drugs; Brand names are usually more expensive than generic names.

Rizatriptan benzoate is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

Rizatriptan benzoate is used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches with or without aura in adults and children 6 years of age and older.

If you are taking rizatriptan benzoate, be sure to tell your doctor about all of the medications you are taking, including prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements. This will help your doctor to determine if any of your medications could interact with rizatriptan benzoate.

Chemical Structure of Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan benzoate has the following chemical structure⁚

C15H17N5O2·C7H5O2

It is a white to off-white, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 381.42.

Rizatriptan benzoate is a triptan, a class of drugs that are used to treat migraine headaches. Triptans work by binding to serotonin receptors in the brain and blood vessels, causing them to narrow. This narrowing of blood vessels reduces blood flow to the head, which can help to relieve migraine pain.

Rizatriptan benzoate is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

Rizatriptan benzoate is used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches with or without aura in adults and children 6 years of age and older.

Molecular Formula of Rizatriptan

The molecular formula of rizatriptan benzoate is C15H17N5O2·C7H5O2.

A molecular formula is a chemical formula that shows the number and type of atoms in a molecule. The molecular formula of rizatriptan benzoate tells us that it contains 15 carbon atoms, 17 hydrogen atoms, 5 nitrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms. The molecular formula also tells us that rizatriptan benzoate is a salt, which means that it contains a positively charged ion (the rizatriptan cation) and a negatively charged ion (the benzoate anion).

Rizatriptan benzoate is a white to off-white, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 381.42.

It is a triptan, a class of drugs that are used to treat migraine headaches. Triptans work by binding to serotonin receptors in the brain and blood vessels, causing them to narrow. This narrowing of blood vessels reduces blood flow to the head, which can help to relieve migraine pain.

Rizatriptan benzoate is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

Rizatriptan benzoate is used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches with or without aura in adults and children 6 years of age and older.

Molecular Weight of Rizatriptan

The molecular weight of rizatriptan benzoate is 381.42.

Molecular weight is the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a molecule. The molecular weight of rizatriptan benzoate tells us that each molecule of rizatriptan benzoate has a mass of 381.42 atomic mass units (amu).

Rizatriptan benzoate is a white to off-white, crystalline powder. It is a triptan, a class of drugs that are used to treat migraine headaches. Triptans work by binding to serotonin receptors in the brain and blood vessels, causing them to narrow. This narrowing of blood vessels reduces blood flow to the head, which can help to relieve migraine pain.

Rizatriptan benzoate is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

Rizatriptan benzoate is used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches with or without aura in adults and children 6 years of age and older.

CAS Number of Rizatriptan

The CAS number of rizatriptan benzoate is 112101-02-4.

A CAS number is a unique numerical identifier that is assigned to each chemical substance. The CAS number of rizatriptan benzoate tells us that it is a new chemical substance that was first registered with the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) in 1990.

Rizatriptan benzoate is a white to off-white, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 381.42. It is a triptan, a class of drugs that are used to treat migraine headaches. Triptans work by binding to serotonin receptors in the brain and blood vessels, causing them to narrow. This narrowing of blood vessels reduces blood flow to the head, which can help to relieve migraine pain.

Rizatriptan benzoate is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

Rizatriptan benzoate is used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches with or without aura in adults and children 6 years of age and older.

ATC Code of Rizatriptan

The ATC code of rizatriptan benzoate is N02CC04.

The ATC code (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System code) is a system of classifying drugs according to their therapeutic, pharmacological, and chemical properties. The ATC code of rizatriptan benzoate tells us that it is a drug that is used to treat diseases of the nervous system (N), specifically migraine headaches (N02). It is a serotonin receptor agonist (CC), and its chemical structure is characterized by the presence of a triptan ring (04).

Rizatriptan benzoate is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

Rizatriptan benzoate is used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches with or without aura in adults and children 6 years of age and older.

INN Name of Rizatriptan

The INN name of rizatriptan is rizatriptan.

The INN (International Nonproprietary Name) is the official generic name for a drug. It is assigned by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is used in all countries around the world. The INN of rizatriptan tells us that it is a triptan, a class of drugs that are used to treat migraine headaches.

Rizatriptan is a white to off-white, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 381.42. It is a triptan, a class of drugs that are used to treat migraine headaches. Triptans work by binding to serotonin receptors in the brain and blood vessels, causing them to narrow. This narrowing of blood vessels reduces blood flow to the head, which can help to relieve migraine pain.

Rizatriptan is available in both tablet and orally disintegrating tablet form. The orally disintegrating tablet dissolves quickly in the mouth and does not need to be taken with water.

Rizatriptan is used to treat the symptoms of migraine headaches with or without aura in adults and children 6 years of age and older.